限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1. 形式上，非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。
2. 语法上，非限制性定语从句一般不用that。
3. 语义上，限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，起限定作用，如果去掉了这个定语从句，整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密，对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。
This is the book I like best.
这就是我最喜欢的那本书。
Beijing,（which has been China's capital for more than 800 years ,）is rich in cultural and historic relics.
北京是中国八百年之久的古都，它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。
4. 翻译时，限制性定语从句可译为一句（较短的一般译为"的"字结构）；而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。
比较: He has a sister, who is a musician.
他有一个姐姐，她是一个音乐家。
He has a sister who is a musician.

他有一个姐姐是音乐家。

高中英语单词听力
 初中英语人教版
 高中英语课本

【小试牛刀】
1．There are cases________ children are made to learn what they don't want to.
A．when B．where C．what D．which
2．A woman with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked，“Is there a hospital around________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”
A．that B．which C．where D．what
3．In all his life, Dickens wrote a large number of excellent novels in the 19th century, ________ some are still popular nowadays.
A．whose B．of that C．in which D．of which
4．—Sunday is a public holiday, ________children should get close to nature.
—But most of them have several lessons to attend.
A．where B．which C．in which D．when
5．He got himself into a difficult situation ________he must make a final decision all by himself.
A．which B．what C．when D．where
【答案与解析】
3. D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在他的一生中，狄更斯在19世纪写了大量优秀小说，其中一些现在仍然受欢迎。先行词是excellent novels，从句中缺少表示所属关系的成分，所以用of which引导定语从句，故选D项。
4. D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“星期天是个公共假日，这时孩子们应该接近大自然。”“但是大多数孩子有几堂课要上。”先行词是a public holiday，定语从句中缺少时间状语，所以用when引导定语从句，故选D项。
5. D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他让自己陷入了一个困难的处境，在这种情形下他必须完全靠自己做出最终决定。先行词是situation，从句中缺少状语，situation作先行词时，表示抽象地点，用where引导定语从句，故选D项。